Active swarms on a sphere

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
Rastko Sknepnek, Silke Henkes

Abstract

We show that coupling to curvature nontrivially affects collective motion in active systems, leading to motion patterns not observed in flat space. Using numerical simulations, we study a model of self-propelled particles with polar alignment and soft repulsion confined to move on the surface of a sphere. We observe a variety of motion patterns with the main hallmarks being polar vortex and circulating band states arising due to the incompatibility between spherical topology and uniform motion-a consequence of the "hairy ball" theorem. We provide a detailed analysis of density, velocity, pressure, and stress profiles in the circulating band state. In addition, we present analytical results for a simplified model of collective motion on the sphere showing that frustration due to curvature leads to stable elastic distortions storing energy in the band.

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Citations

Jan 16, 2016·The European Physical Journal. E, Soft Matter·Francesco BonelliDavide Marenduzzo
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