PMID: 11328759May 1, 2001Paper

Activity of phenothiazines against antibiotic-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a review supporting further studies that may elucidate the potential use of thioridazine as anti-tuberculosis therapy

The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
L AmaralJ Atouguia

Abstract

The in vitro and in vivo anti-mycobacterial activities of a number of phenothiazine compounds are reviewed. These compounds, normally employed for the management of psychosis, inhibit the growth in vitro of Mycobacterium tuberculosis at concentrations that are significantly greater than those that can safely be achieved in a patient harbouring these infections. Nevertheless, one of these phenothiazines, chlorpromazine, is concentrated by human macrophages to 10-100 times its concentration in plasma, and has activity against mycobacteria that have been phagocytosed by these cells. Phenothiazines have significant in vitro activity against susceptible, polydrug- and multidrug-resistant strains of M. tuberculosis, as well as enhancing the activity of some agents employed for first-line treatment. Because thioridazine, the very mild anti-psychotic agent whose most common side effect is drowsiness, has equal anti-tuberculosis properties in vitro to chlorpromazine, we recommend that thioridazine be studied as an adjuvant to the four- or five-drug regimens employed for the management of a freshly diagnosed tuberculosis infection of unknown antibiotic susceptibility, at least during the period required for the assessment of antibiotic s...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 29, 2009·European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases : Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology·K MazumdarN K Dutta
Nov 17, 2001·International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents·L Amaral, J E Kristiansen
Sep 19, 2003·International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents·Miguel ViveirosLeonard Amaral
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Feb 27, 2003·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·Diane OrdwayLeonard Amaral
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