PMID: 16528124Mar 11, 2006Paper

Actualities of adults' ventilator-associated pneumonia

Medicina
Saule Svediene, Juozas Ivaskevicius

Abstract

Pneumonia is the most frequently reported nosocomial infection in intensive care unit patients, predominantly in mechanically ventilated individuals. Most of the studies performed in intensive care unit settings reported the estimated 15-65% of ventilator-associated pneumonia, with high mortality rates. Ventilator-associated pneumonia results in prolonged hospitalization and increase in medical care costs. In most cases, high-risk pathogens (e.g. Gram-negative bacteria, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter spp. and Klebsiella spp. with wide spectrum resistance, as well as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) are the predominant causative agents of increased mortality. Occurrence of ventilator-associated pneumonia correlates with the duration of mechanical ventilation, severity of illness on admission (predicted mortality), type of admission (medical, surgical, trauma), demographical factors and treatment. Effective antibiotic management programs provide the information on local patterns of antimicrobial resistance, therefore, the proper antibiotic therapy can be chosen empirically. Invasive management strategy reduces mortality, earlier prevents organ dysfunction and lower antibiotic consumption in patients wit...Continue Reading

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