Acute airway effects of ozone-initiated d-limonene chemistry: importance of gaseous products

Toxicology Letters
Peder WolkoffG D Nielsen

Abstract

There are concerns about ozone-initiated chemistry, because the formation of gaseous oxidation products and ultrafine particles may increase complaints, morbidity and mortality. Here we address the question whether the gaseous products or the ultrafine particles from the ozone-initiated chemistry of limonene, a common and abundant indoor pollutant, cause acute airway effects. The effects on the airways by d-limonene, a ca. 16s old ozone/d-limonene mixture, and clean air were evaluated by a mice bioassay, from which sensory irritation of the upper airways, airflow limitation, and pulmonary irritation can be obtained. A denuder was inserted to separate the ultrafine particles from the gaseous products prior to the exposure chamber. Reduction of mean respiratory frequency (>30%) and 230% increase of time of brake were observed without denuder, during 30min exposure, to the ozonolyzed d-limonene mixture, which are indicative of prominent sensory effects. The initial concentrations (ppm) were 40 d-limonene and 4 ozone. The exposure concentrations (ppm) were about 35 d-limonene and 0.05 ozone. Formaldehyde and residual d-limonene, the salient sensory irritants, accounted for up to three-fourth of the sensory irritation. The upper air...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 31, 2009·Environmental Health : a Global Access Science Source·Anila BelloDonald K Milton
Nov 28, 2012·Archives of Toxicology·Gunnar Damgård NielsenPeder Wolkoff
Apr 12, 2013·Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part B, Critical Reviews·Young Woo KimByung-Mu Lee
Sep 8, 2012·International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health·Peder Wolkoff
Dec 5, 2015·Critical Reviews in Toxicology·Annette Rohr, Jacob McDonald
Jun 19, 2010·Environment International·Peder Wolkoff, Gunnar D Nielsen
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Jul 20, 2016·Journal of Immunotoxicology·Jitka S HansenSøren Thor Larsen
Nov 28, 2013·Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part a·Jitka Stilund HansenSøren Thor Larsen
Jan 28, 2017·Environment International·Peder Wolkoff, Gunnar D Nielsen
Jun 8, 2017·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Massimo CipollaMaria Teresa Piccardo
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May 14, 2020·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Klaudia PytelBożena Zabiegała
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Oct 3, 2019·Environmental Science & Technology·Chen WangJonathan P D Abbatt
Oct 9, 2021·Chemical Research in Toxicology·Jiries Meehan-Atrash, Irfan Rahman

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