Acute and chronic pharmacological models of generalized absence seizures

Journal of Neuroscience Methods
Miguel A CortezO C Snead

Abstract

This article reviews the contribution of pharmacologically induced acute and chronic animal models to our understanding of epilepsies featuring non-convulsive generalized seizures, the typical and atypical absence seizures. Typical absences comprise about 5% of all epilepsies regardless of age and the atypical ones are even more common. Although absence epilepsy was thought to be relatively benign, children with childhood epilepsy (CAE) turn out to have a high rate of pretreatment attention deficits that persist despite seizure freedom. The phenomenon of the absence seizure has long attracted research interest because of the clear temporal relationship of the conspicuous EEG rhythm of 3 Hz generalized spike and wave discharges (GSWD) and the parallel transient "loss of consciousness" characterizing these seizures which is time-locked with the GSWD. Indeed, clinical epileptologists, basic scientists and neurophysiologists have long recognized in GSWD a unique electrographic and behavioral marker of the genetic predisposition to most types of epilepsy. Interestingly, the subject is still controversial since it has recently been proposed that both classification terms of CAE currently in use: idiopathic and primary generalized, be...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 3, 2017·Journal of Neural Transmission·J Vuong, Annaelle Devergnas
Dec 2, 2017·Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine·F WielaenderA Fischer
Feb 14, 2019·Neurological Sciences : Official Journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology·Ye-Hwa JunJung-Min Kim
Jan 20, 2020·Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews·Willian Lazarini-LopesNorberto Garcia-Cairasco
Sep 28, 2018·Epilepsy Research·Victor R SantosPatrick A Forcelli

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