Acute changes of pro-inflammatory markers and corticosterone in experimental subarachnoid haemorrhage: A prerequisite for severity assessment
Abstract
Many details of the pathophysiology of subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) still remain unknown, making animal experiments an indispensable tool for assessment of diagnostics and therapy. For animal protection and project authorization, one needs objective measures to evaluate the severity and burden in each model. Corticosterone is described as a sensitive stress parameter reflecting the acute burden, and inflammatory markers can be used for assessment of the extent of the brain lesion. However, the brain lesion itself may activate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal-axis early after SAH, as shown for ischemic stroke, probably interfering with early inflammatory processes, thus complicating the assessment of severity and burden on the basis of corticosterone and inflammation. To assess the suitability of these markers in SAH, we evaluated the courses of corticosterone, IL-6 and TNF-α up to 6h in an acute model simulating SAH in continuously anaesthetized rats, lacking the pain and stress induced impact on these parameters. Animals were randomly allocated to sham or SAH. SAH was induced by cisterna magna blood-injection, and intracranial pressure and cerebral blood flow were measured under continuous isoflurane/fentanyl anaesthesia. ...Continue Reading
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