Acute Gastroenteritis on Cruise Ships - United States, 2008-2014

MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
Amy L FreelandShailendra N Banerjee

Abstract

From 1990 to 2004, the reported rates of diarrheal disease (three or more loose stools or a greater than normal frequency in a 24-hour period) on cruise ships decreased 2.4%, from 29.2 cases per 100,000 travel days to 28.5 cases (1,2). Increased rates of acute gastroenteritis illness (diarrhea or vomiting that is associated with loose stools, bloody stools, abdominal cramps, headache, muscle aches, or fever) occurred in years that novel strains of norovirus, the most common etiologic agent in cruise ship outbreaks, emerged (3). To determine recent rates of acute gastroenteritis on cruise ships, CDC analyzed combined data for the period 2008-2014 that were submitted by cruise ships sailing in U.S. jurisdiction (defined as passenger vessels carrying ≥13 passengers and within 15 days of arriving in the United States) (4). CDC also reviewed laboratory data to ascertain the causes of acute gastroenteritis outbreaks and examined trends over time. During the study period, the rates of acute gastroenteritis per 100,000 travel days decreased among passengers from 27.2 cases in 2008 to 22.3 in 2014. Rates for crew members remained essentially unchanged (21.3 cases in 2008 and 21.6 in 2014). However, the rate of acute gastroenteritis was ...Continue Reading

References

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Related Papers

American Journal of Preventive Medicine
Elaine H CramerVessel Sanitation Program Environmental Health Inspection Team
Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
Mary WikswoElaine H Cramer
The American Journal of Gastroenterology
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MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
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