PMID: 25725246Mar 1, 2015Paper

Acute kidney injury in children in Nigeria

Clinical Nephrology
Wasiu Adekunle Olowu

Abstract

To highlight the epidemiologic characteristics and therapeutic challenges of childhood acute kidney injury (AKI) in Nigeria. A review of AKI publications on Nigerian children between January 1990 and December 2012 was carried out. Mean age at presentation varied between 3.1 ± 2.6 and 6.28 ± 4 (0.05 - 16) years. Male/female ratio ranged between 1.38 and 2.5 to 1. Hospital-acquired AKI (hAKI) and community-acquired AKI (cAKI) accounted for 17.1 - 27.2% and 72.8 - 82.9% of all AKI cases, respectively. 12 - 35 new AKI cases are seen per year. A single-center study puts cAKI and hAKI incidences at 9.8 per million children population (pmcp)/year (0.46%) and 3.7 pmcp/ year (0.17%), respectively; cAKI and hAKI prevalence rates were 49.2 pmcp (2.23%) and 18.3 pmcp (0.84%), respectively. Leading causes of AKI, accounting for 80.0% of all etiologies, were nephrotoxins (29.0%), infection (20.0%), intravascular volume depletion (17.9%), and glomerular disease (13.1%). Financial constraints, late presentation, presence of ≥ 2 comorbidities, need for dialysis, non-dialysis when indicated, severe hypertension, white cell count > 15 000/mm3, and platelet count < 100 000/mm3 are significant mortality risk factors in childhood AKI in our environm...Continue Reading

Citations

Aug 28, 2018·Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension·Abdou NiangValerie A Luyckx
Nov 23, 2018·Jornal brasileiro de nefrologia : ʹorgão oficial de Sociedades Brasileira e Latino-Americana de Nefrologia·Thais Lira Cleto-YamanePaulo Koch Nogueira
Oct 3, 2020·Nature Reviews. Nephrology·Mignon McCullochWilliam E Smoyer
Sep 14, 2020·Jornal de pediatria·Cibelle Ferreira Louzada, Alexandre Rodrigues Ferreira

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