Acute kidney injury in children with chronic liver disease

Pediatric Nephrology : Journal of the International Pediatric Nephrology Association
Akash DeepBipin Jose

Abstract

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common accompaniment in patients with liver disease. The causes, risk factors, manifestations and management of AKI in these patients vary according to the liver disease in question (acute liver failure, acute-on-chronic liver failure, post-liver transplantation or metabolic liver disease). There are multiple causes of AKI in patients with liver disease-pre-renal, acute tubular necrosis, post-renal, drug-induced renal failure and hepatorenal syndrome (HRS). Definitions of AKI in liver failure are periodically revised and updated, but pediatric definitions have still to see the light of the day. As our understanding of the pathophysiology of liver disease and renal involvement improves, treatment modalities have become more advanced and rationalized. Treatment includes reversing precipitating factors, such as infections and gastrointestinal bleeding, volume expansion, paracentesis and vasoconstrictors. This approach is tried and tested in adults. A pediatric tailored approach is still lacking due to inadequate numbers of patients, differences in causes of AKI and paucity of literature. In this review, we attempt to explore the pathophysiological basis, treatment modalities and controversies in the ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 26, 2019·Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition·Lee M BassUNKNOWN Childhood Liver Disease Research Network (ChiLDReN)
Mar 7, 2020·Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition·Anna M Banc-HusuEstella M Alonso
Oct 2, 2020·Pediatric Nephrology : Journal of the International Pediatric Nephrology Association·Priscila Menezes Ferri LiuAna Cristina Simões E Silva
Jan 2, 2020·Pharmacology Research & Perspectives·Marcelo J A AmarAlan T Remaley
Jun 3, 2020·Hepatology : Official Journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases·Leanne ThaljiDaryl J Kor
Apr 20, 2021·Medical Journal, Armed Forces India·Aradhana AnejaRohit Kohli

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