PMID: 16518259Mar 7, 2006Paper

Acute leukaemia in two multiple sclerosis patients treated with mitoxantrone

Revue neurologique
S NolletL Rumbach

Abstract

Mitoxantrone (Mx) is used as a second-line treatment in multiple sclerosis. Since 1998, eight cases of acute leukemia (AL) have been described. We report two new cases of myeloid AL that occurred during treatment with Mx. The first case concerned a women who was treated with Mx for 3 months. In spite of a very low total dose (58.32 mg), she developed promyelocytic AL. The second patient died of myeloid AL, 27 months after the last injection of Mx. All the reported cases of AL occurring after Mx respond to the criteria of leukemia induced by anti-topoisomerases II. Epidemiological data and those from animal experiments suggest that Mx has direct role in the occurrence of leukemia. It must be remembered that even if the risk of Mx-induced leukemia is low, blood cell counts must be closely monitored for at least five years after the last injection of this treatment.

References

Mar 6, 2002·Blood·Jens Pedersen-BjergaardClaus Nerlov
Dec 31, 2002·Lancet·Hans-Peter HartungUNKNOWN Mitoxantrone in Multiple Sclerosis Study Group (MIMS)
Feb 13, 2004·Brain : a Journal of Neurology·Henrik Brønnum-HansenEgon Stenager
Jul 21, 2004·Journal of the Neurological Sciences·Gilles EdanEmmanuelle Le Page
Aug 18, 2004·Journal of Neurology·Radu TanasescuHerve Vespignani

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Citations

Jul 10, 2008·Neurological Sciences : Official Journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology·Marco CapobiancoAntonio Bertolotto
Oct 9, 2007·Neurotherapeutics : the Journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics·Oliver NeuhausHans-Peter Hartung
Oct 15, 2009·Multiple Sclerosis : Clinical and Laboratory Research·Ana M PascualBonaventura Casanova
Feb 18, 2011·Multiple Sclerosis : Clinical and Laboratory Research·E Le PageUNKNOWN French Mitoxantrone Safety Group
Apr 19, 2008·Multiple Sclerosis : Clinical and Laboratory Research·Christine LebrunArlette Danzon

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