Acute pulmonary toxicity of beryllium sulfate inhalation in rats and mice: cell kinetics and histopathology

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
L E SendelbachA F Tryka

Abstract

The acute response in the lung of mice and rats exposed to an aerosol of BeSO4 was characterized by cell kinetics and histopathology. Animals were exposed for 1 hour in a nose-only chamber to a 13 microgram/liter chamber concentration of BeSO4 or to H2SO4 as control aerosol, and killed thereafter over a period of 21 days. Lung cell kinetics were evaluated as the labeling index (LI), defined as the percentage of cells labeled with tritiated thymidine. The labeled cells were also differentiated as to type. In rats, the LI showed a peak response on Day 8 following exposure, while the LI of mice showed a maximum response at Day 5. In rats, the proliferative response involved type II alveolar epithelial cells, interstitial and capillary endothelial cells. Histopathology showed type II alveolar cell hyperplasia and vacuolization of their cytoplasm, a thickened interstitium with infiltrates of interstitial macrophages and segmental leukocytes; a prominent feature was alveolar macrophages with ragged membranes. Three weeks after exposure, the interstitial response was largely resolved. In mice, the proliferative response was mainly found in the alveolar macrophage population and the interstitial and endothelial cells. Histopathological...Continue Reading

Citations

Jan 29, 2002·International Immunopharmacology·Richard T SawyerLee S Newman
Apr 1, 1989·The American Review of Respiratory Disease·L E SendelbachH Witschi

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