ACVIM consensus statement on the diagnosis of immune-mediated hemolytic anemia in dogs and cats

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine
Oliver A GardenBalazs Szladovits

Abstract

Immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in dogs. IMHA also occurs in cats, although less commonly. IMHA is considered secondary when it can be attributed to an underlying disease, and as primary (idiopathic) if no cause is found. Eliminating diseases that cause IMHA may attenuate or stop immune-mediated erythrocyte destruction, and adverse consequences of long-term immunosuppressive treatment can be avoided. Infections, cancer, drugs, vaccines, and inflammatory processes may be underlying causes of IMHA. Evidence for these comorbidities has not been systematically evaluated, rendering evidence-based decisions difficult. We identified and extracted data from studies published in the veterinary literature and developed a novel tool for evaluation of evidence quality, using it to assess study design, diagnostic criteria for IMHA, comorbidities, and causality. Succinct evidence summary statements were written, along with screening recommendations. Statements were refined by conducting 3 iterations of Delphi review with panel and task force members. Commentary was solicited from several professional bodies to maximize clinical applicability before the recommendations were submitted. T...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 9, 2019·Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine·James W SwannNathaniel T Whitley
Mar 18, 2020·Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association·Andrew J MackinTodd Archer
Apr 5, 2020·Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine·John ThomasonJacqueline C Whittemore
Dec 6, 2019·Frontiers in Veterinary Science·John M ThomasonJacqueline C Whittemore
Sep 11, 2019·Veterinary Clinical Pathology·UNKNOWN Members of the Veterinary and Comparative Clinical Immunology Society Diagnostic Task ForceBalázs Szladovits
Nov 11, 2020·Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine·Prudence L Sun, Unity Jeffery
Feb 12, 2021·Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine·Thierry FranceyAriane Schweighauser
Feb 23, 2021·Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine·Vanessa L WoolheadBarbara Glanemann
Aug 21, 2020·The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Small Animal Practice·Robert Goggs
Mar 12, 2021·The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science·Makoto AkiyoshiMasami Akiyoshi
May 26, 2021·Journal of Clinical Apheresis·Petra RichterRené Dörfelt
Jul 8, 2021·Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine·Kenjiro FukushimaJulia Veir
Nov 16, 2021·Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine·Jason P BestwickMayank Seth
Dec 4, 2021·Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine·Elizabeth A ConwayAlison E Ridyard

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
flow cytometry
ELISA
light microscopy

Software Mentioned

Survey Monkey
MedCalc
Merial
ACVIM

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