Adaptive evolution of anti-predator ability promotes the diversity of prey species: critical function analysis

Bio Systems
Jian Zu, Yasuhiro Takeuchi

Abstract

In this paper, with the method of adaptive dynamics and critical function analysis, we investigate the evolutionary diversification of prey species. We assume that prey species can evolve safer strategies such that it can reduce the predation risk, but this has a cost in terms of its reproduction. First, by using the method of critical function analysis, we identify the general properties of trade-off functions that allow for continuously stable strategy and evolutionary branching in the prey strategy. It is found that if the trade-off curve is globally concave, then the evolutionarily singular strategy is continuously stable. However, if the trade-off curve is concave-convex-concave and the prey's sensitivity to crowding is not strong, then the evolutionarily singular strategy may be an evolutionary branching point, near which the resident and mutant prey can coexist and diverge in their strategies. Second, we find that after branching has occurred in the prey strategy, if the trade-off curve is concave-convex-concave, the prey population will eventually evolve into two different types, which can coexist on the long-term evolutionary timescale. The algebraical analysis reveals that an attractive dimorphism will always be evolu...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 13, 2013·Theoretical Population Biology·Jian Zu, Jinliang Wang
Apr 29, 2014·Acta Biotheoretica·Jian ZuJianqiang Du
Feb 5, 2016·Mathematical Biosciences·Xin WangLina Hao
Apr 16, 2021·Bulletin of Mathematical Biology·Ao Li, Xingfu Zou

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