Adaptive Immune Responses in Hepatitis A Virus and Hepatitis E Virus Infections

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine
Christopher M Walker

Abstract

Both hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis E virus (HEV) cause self-limited infections in humans that are preventable by vaccination. Progress in characterizing adaptive immune responses against these enteric hepatitis viruses, and how they contribute to resolution of infection or liver injury, has therefore remained largely frozen for the past two decades. How HAV and HEV infections are so effectively controlled by B- and T-cell immunity, and why they do not have the same propensity to persist as HBV and HCV infections, cannot yet be adequately explained. The objective of this review is to summarize our understanding of the relationship between patterns of virus replication, adaptive immune responses, and acute liver injury in HAV and HEV infections. Gaps in knowledge, and recent studies that challenge long-held concepts of how antibodies and T cells contribute to control and pathogenesis of HAV and HEV infections, are highlighted.

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Citations

Apr 18, 2018·Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine·Asuka Hirai-YukiStanley M Lemon
Apr 25, 2018·Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine·Robert E LanfordStanley M Lemon
Jun 30, 2019·Hepatology Research : the Official Journal of the Japan Society of Hepatology·Keisuke KakisakaYasuhiro Takikawa
Aug 29, 2019·Reviews in Medical Virology·Cédric HartardEvelyne Schvoerer
May 8, 2018·Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine·Rakesh Aggarwal, Amit Goel
May 21, 2020·World Journal of Clinical Cases·Claudia BeiselJulian Schulze Zur Wiesch
Jun 24, 2020·Modern Pathology : an Official Journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc·Daniela LenggenhagerAchim Weber
May 8, 2018·Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine·Stanley M Lemon, Christopher M Walker
Dec 17, 2020·Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics·Christian HerzogPierre Van Damme
Nov 2, 2019·Human Pathology·Daniela Lenggenhager, Achim Weber
May 8, 2021·Journal of Hepatology·William BremerChristopher Walker
Aug 1, 2021·Journal of Hepatology·Ichiro MisumiJason K Whitmire
Aug 10, 2021·World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG·Pietro TorreMarcello Persico
Oct 25, 2021·International Journal of Infectious Diseases : IJID : Official Publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases·Xianliang HouHongbo Liu

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