Adding Vision to Concussion Testing: A Prospective Study of Sideline Testing in Youth and Collegiate Athletes

Journal of Neuro-ophthalmology : the Official Journal of the North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society
Kristin M GalettaLaura J Balcer

Abstract

Sports-related concussion commonly affects the visual pathways. Current sideline protocols test cognition and balance but do not include assessments of visual performance. We investigated how adding a vision-based test of rapid number naming could increase our ability to identify concussed athletes on the sideline at youth and collegiate levels. Participants in this prospective study included members of a youth ice hockey and lacrosse league and collegiate athletes from New York University and Long Island University. Athletes underwent preseason baseline assessments using: 1) the King-Devick (K-D) test, a <2-minute visual performance measure of rapid number naming, 2) the Standardized Assessment of Concussion (SAC), a test of cognition, and 3) a timed tandem gait test of balance. The SAC and timed tandem gait are components of the currently used Sport Concussion Assessment Tool, 3rd Edition (SCAT3 and Child-SCAT3). In the event of a concussion during the athletic season, injured athletes were retested on the sideline/rink-side. Nonconcussed athletes were also assessed as control participants under the same testing conditions. Among 243 youth (mean age 11 ± 3 years, range 5-17) and 89 collegiate athletes (age 20 ± 1 years, range...Continue Reading

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