Additional evidence against shared environmental contributions to attention-deficit/hyperactivity problems.

Behavior Genetics
S Alexandra BurtKelly L Klump

Abstract

A recent meta-analysis "Burt (Psychol Bull 135:608-637, 2009)" indicated that shared environmental influences (C) do not contribute to Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Unfortunately, the meta-analysis relied almost exclusively on classical twin studies. Although useful in many ways, some of the assumptions of the classical twin model (e.g., dominant genetic and shared environmental influences do not simultaneously influence the phenotype) can artifactually decrease estimates of C. There is thus a need to confirm that dominant genetic influences are not suppressing estimates of C on ADHD. The current study sought to do just this via the use of a nuclear twin family model, which allows researchers to simultaneously model and estimate dominant genetic and shared environmental influences. We examined two independent samples of child twins: 312 pairs from the Michigan State University Twin Registry and 854 pairs from the PrE School Twin Study in Sweden. Shared environmental influences were found to be statistically indistinguishable from zero and to account for less than 5 % of the variance. We conclude that the presence of dominant genetic influences does not account for the absence of C on ADHD.

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Citations

Oct 30, 2012·Twin Research and Human Genetics : the Official Journal of the International Society for Twin Studies·S Alexandra Burt, Kelly L Klump
Dec 31, 2015·American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric Genetics : the Official Publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics·Patrick D QuinnBrian M D'Onofrio
Dec 30, 2015·American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric Genetics : the Official Publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics·Tian-Jiao ChenZheng Chang
Sep 30, 2016·European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry·Catherine TuvbladHenrik Larsson
Apr 25, 2017·American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric Genetics : the Official Publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics·Mina RydellHenrik Larsson
Jul 10, 2019·European Psychiatry : the Journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists·D DaleyJ Walldorf
Feb 22, 2013·Current Opinion in Neurology·Danielle Posthuma, Tinca J C Polderman

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