Abstract
Adipose tissue insulin action is impaired in obesity and is associated with inflammation, macrophage infiltration, and polarization toward a proinflammatory phenotype. Acute exercise can reduce markers of adipose inflammation, including interleukin (IL) 6, in parallel with improvements in insulin action; however, others have provided evidence that IL-6 has anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to examine the relation between IL-6 signaling, macrophage infiltration, and polarization and insulin action in inguinal fat after acute exercise in obese, insulin-resistant mice. Male C57BL/6 mice were fed a low-fat diet (10% kcal lard) or a high-fat diet (HFD, 60% kcal lard) for 7 wk and then underwent an acute bout of exercise (2-h treadmill running: 15 m·min, 5% incline). The HFD resulted in increased body mass, glucose intolerance, and attenuated insulin-induced AKT Thr308 phosphorylation in inguinal fat. This was accompanied by increases in indices of macrophage infiltration (F4/80, CD68, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression) and polarization toward an M1 phenotype (increased expression of CD11c, CD11c/galactose-type C-type lectin 1, and inducible nitric oxide synthase). Immunofluorescence imaging demonstrated ...Continue Reading
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