PMID: 2112126Apr 1, 1990Paper

Adjustments in oxygen transport during head-out immersion in water at different temperatures

Journal of Applied Physiology
M L Choukroun, P Varène

Abstract

Respiratory gas exchange was investigated in human subjects immersed up to the shoulders in water at different temperatures (Tw = 25, 34, and 40 degrees C). Cardiac output (Qc) and pulmonary tissue volume (Vti) were measured by a rebreathing technique with the inert gas Freon 22, and O2 consumption (VO2) was determined by the closed-circuit technique. Arterial blood gases (PaO2, PaCO2) were analyzed by a micromethod, and alveolar gas (PAO2) was analyzed during quiet breathing with a mass spectrometer. The findings were as follows. 1) Immersion in a cold bath had no significant effect on Qc compared with the value measured at Tw = 34 degrees C, whereas immersion in a hot bath led to a considerable increase in Qc. Vti was not affected by immersion at any of the temperatures tested. 2) A large rise in metabolic rate VO2 was only observed at Tw = 25 degrees C (P less than 0.001). 3) Arterial blood gases were not significantly affected by immersion, whatever the water temperature. 4) O2 transport during immersion is affected by two main factors: hydrostatic pressure and temperature. Above neutral temperature, O2 transport is improved because of the marked increase in Qc resulting from the combined actions of hydrostatic counter pres...Continue Reading

Citations

Jan 1, 1996·European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology·J F BakerJ Duffin
Jun 23, 2011·Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition·A LindnerH H L Sasse
Dec 15, 2018·Experimental Physiology·Mike Tipton
Sep 1, 2011·Journal of Human Kinetics·Roxana M BrasilVictor M Reis
Feb 19, 2016·Physiology·Joost J L M BierensDavid S Warner
Jan 1, 1996·European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology·L P Chang, C E Lundgren
Jan 21, 2021·Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research·Patrick M HolmbergVincent G Kelly
Jul 1, 1999·Applied Human Science : Journal of Physiological Anthropology·Y NakanishiY Yokoo

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