Adoptive immunotherapy with cytokine-induced killer cells generated with a new good manufacturing practice-grade protocol

Cytotherapy
Sergio RutellaLuca Pierelli

Abstract

We have recently shown that thymoglobulin (TG) efficiently expands cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells in combination with interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-2 (ITG2 protocol). It is presently unknown whether the infusion of autologous immune effector cells generated by TG, IFN-γ and IL-2 is feasible and safe. Five patients with advanced and/or refractory solid tumors were enrolled in the present phase I/II study. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) collected by leukapheresis were stimulated under good manufacturing practice (GMP)-conditions with IFN-γ, followed by TG and IL-2. After 2-3 weeks in culture, a median of 4.65 × 10(6) immune effector cells per kilogram of recipient's body weight was obtained and infused intravenously. The median time from enrollment into the study to infusion of the expanded CIK cells was 30 days. ITG2 efficiently expanded immune effector cells that comprised both conventional natural killer (NK) cells and CD3(+) CD16(+) CD56(+) CIK cells. One patient with advanced melanoma died because of disease progression before the infusion of CIK cells. The target dose of at least 2.5 × 10(6) CIK cells/kg of recipient's body weight was reached in four out of five evaluable patients. CIK cells were a...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 8, 2016·Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs·SeungJu Jackie OhA Craig Lockhart
Jun 2, 2015·Frontiers in Immunology·Gianfranco PittariSergio Rutella
Oct 11, 2012·Immunotherapy·Sergio Rutella, Franco Locatelli
Aug 13, 2013·Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine·Xiaoming Huang, Zhenyu Jia
Nov 3, 2016·Medical Science Monitor : International Medical Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research·Hongmin WangMing Sun
Aug 17, 2020·Pharmacological Research : the Official Journal of the Italian Pharmacological Society·Abdolreza OsaliAbdolreza Esmaeilzadeh

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