Adrenergic regulation of immune cell function and inflammation.

Seminars in Immunopathology
Drashya Sharma, J David Farrar

Abstract

The sympathetic nervous system integrates the functions of multiple organ systems by regulating their autonomic physiological activities. The immune system is regulated both locally and systemically by the neurotransmitters epinephrine and norepinephrine secreted by the adrenal gland and local sympathetic neurons. Immune cells respond by activation of adrenergic receptors, primarily the β2-adrenergic receptor, which signal through heterotrimeric G-proteins. Depending upon the cell type, adrenergic signaling regulates a variety of functions in immune cells ranging from cellular migration to cytokine secretion. Furthermore, due to the diurnal oscillation of systemic norepinephrine levels, various immune functions follow a circadian rhythmic pattern. This review will highlight recent advances in our understanding of how the sympathetic nervous system regulates both innate and adaptive immune functions and how this regulation is linked to circadian rhythms.

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Citations

Dec 1, 2020·Seminars in Immunopathology·J David Farrar
Mar 5, 2021·Brain, Behavior, and Immunity·Tiziana CarandiniMarco Bozzali
Apr 27, 2021·Protein & Cell·Victoria E von Saucken, David J Simon
Aug 26, 2021·Nature Immunology·Tommaso CroeseMichal Schwartz
Aug 7, 2021·Immunology and Cell Biology·Nicole N Scheff, Jami L Saloman
Oct 27, 2021·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Romina Mayra Lasagni VitarGiulio Ferrari

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