Abstract
The microstructure of aqueous dispersions of pulmonary surfactant lipids extracted from bovine lung lavage was investigated by electron microscopic analysis. Following organic solvent extraction (chloroform/methanol) from natural lung surfactant, the mixed lipids (CLL), with 1% residual protein, were dispersed in water by two techniques, probe sonication at 4 degrees C and mechanical vortexing. Surface pressure-time adsorption isotherms were defined for the CLL dispersions, followed by staining with tannic acid, uranyl acetate, and lead citrate for electron microscopy of microstructure. CLL extract dispersions adsorbed in seconds to surface pressures near 45 dynes/cm (surface tension 25 dynes/cm) at low concentrations less than or equal to 0.25 mg/ml after dispersion by sonication of 4 degrees C and by mechanical vortexing. Ultrastructurally, the CLL dispersions were somewhat heterogeneous, but large thin-walled phospholipid vesicles, both intact and fragmented, predominated. No tubular myelin was formed. By contrast, natural lung surfactant (LS) from bronchoalveolar lavage had characteristic regions of tubular myelin when it adsorbed well at low concentrations (less than or equal to 0.25 mg phospholipid/ml). When divalent cati...Continue Reading
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