Adult opioid poisonings by drug, intent, and resource use from the United States National Poison Data System from 2005-2018.

Clinical Toxicology : the Official Journal of the American Academy of Clinical Toxicology and European Association of Poisons Centres and Clinical Toxicologists
Megan E LandJocelyn R Grunwell

Abstract

Deaths due to an opioid overdose nearly doubled from 2013 to 2017. Our objective is to describe the trends in intent, healthcare resource use, and clinical outcomes among adults with opioid exposures. This study is a retrospective analysis of data from the 55 U.S. poison control centers. Adults, >19 years, with an opioid as the primary poisoning agent between 2005 and 2018 were included. These years were divided into three epochs (2005-2009, 2010-2014, and 2015-2018) to describe the trends in frequency, intent, severity, healthcare resource use, and regional differences in U.S. adults affected by prescription and illicit opioid exposures. A total of 546,049 (54.4%) of the 1,002,947 opioid-related cases reported to the U.S. poison centers met inclusion criteria. The percentage of patients with a moderate/major clinical effect increased in each epoch (24.4, 29.13, and 35.3%) as did the proportion of patients with illicit opioids (coded as heroin) as their primary substance (2.89, 5.47, and 13.95%). Illicit opioid use was associated with increased frequency of moderate/major clinical effects (54.2 vs. 27.4%), need for an ICU procedure (11.4 vs. 6.8%), and death (3.9 vs. 1.2%) compared with prescription opioid use. Suicidal intent ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 7, 2021·Clinical Toxicology : the Official Journal of the American Academy of Clinical Toxicology and European Association of Poisons Centres and Clinical Toxicologists·Tiffany ChenGary A Smith
May 4, 2021·Substance Use & Misuse·Saumitra V RegeChristopher P Holstege
Aug 17, 2021·Journal of Clinical Pharmacology·David Vearrier, Oliver Grundmann

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