Adult respiratory distress syndrome: a systemic overview of incidence and risk factors

Critical Care Medicine
B G GarberJ McGowan

Abstract

To determine the published incidence of adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) as well as the clinical evidence supporting a casual association between ARDS and its major risk factors. The National Library of Medicine MEDLINE database and the bibliographies of selected articles. Clinical studies were selected from the English literature, if they pertained to either the incidence of ARDS or its association with one or more commonly identified risk factors. All relevant studies identified by the search were evaluated for strength of design, and risk factors were scored according to established criteria for the strength of causation. A total of 83 articles were considered relevant: six of incidence and 77 on risk factors. Only 49% of the 83 articles provided a definition of ARDS; a definition of risk factors was given in 64%, and 23% had no definition for either ARDS or risk factors. The published, population-based incidence of ARDS ranges from 1.5 to 5.3/10(5) population/yr. The strongest clinical evidence supporting a cause-effect relationship was identified for sepsis, aspiration, trauma, and multiple transfusions. The weakest clinical evidence was identified for disseminated intravascular coagulation. The following study t...Continue Reading

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