Advances in leprosy immunology and the field application: A gap to bridge

Clinics in Dermatology
Vania Nieto Brito de SouzaPranab Kumar Das

Abstract

Advances concerning the hosts' immune response to Mycobacterium leprae infection have focused on elucidating the immune pathomechanisms involved, with the hope that predictive diagnostic and prognostic parameters (biomarkers) for field use would emerge; however, improvements in our understanding of the immunologic responses to this complex disease have, to date, somewhat failed to provide the effective and robust methods for improving its predictive diagnosis in the field situation, particularly in those patients suffering from paucibacillary disease. In this contribution we have attempted to review some of the advances both in the immunology and immunopathology of leprosy, and also highlight the limited clusters of immune parameters that are now available. Most importantly, we point out the limitations that still prevail in the provision of effective biomarkers in the field situation for either: (1) the diagnosis of indeterminate disease, (2) predictive diagnosis of individuals developing reactional states, (3) monitoring efficacy of treatment, or (4) monitoring treatment of reactional states.

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Citations

Jan 17, 2016·Clinics in Dermatology·Andrzej Grzybowski, Marcos Virmond
Oct 21, 2016·Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz·Maria Renata Sales NogueiraMaria Esther Salles Nogueira
Apr 5, 2019·Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV·W Alemu Belachew, B Naafs
Sep 14, 2017·Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz·Ana Paula Mendes CarvalhoFrancisco Carlos Félix Lana
Jan 17, 2019·Disease Markers·Kelly Emi HiraiJuarez Antonio Simões Quaresma
Sep 8, 2019·Microbial Pathogenesis·Ved Prakash DwivediDebprasad Chattopadhyay
Dec 3, 2020·Revista Da Sociedade Brasileira De Medicina Tropical·Afonso Bezerra RibeiroAmílcar Sabino Damazo
Jun 2, 2018·Talanta·Juliana F de SantanaJuliana de Moura

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