Advances in metered dose inhaler technology: hardware development

AAPS PharmSciTech
Stephen W SteinPaul B Myrdal

Abstract

Pressurized metered dose inhalers (MDIs) were first introduced in the 1950s and they are currently widely prescribed as portable systems to treat pulmonary conditions. MDIs consist of a formulation containing dissolved or suspended drug and hardware needed to contain the formulation and enable efficient and consistent dose delivery to the patient. The device hardware includes a canister that is appropriately sized to contain sufficient formulation for the required number of doses, a metering valve capable of delivering a consistent amount of drug with each dose delivered, an actuator mouthpiece that atomizes the formulation and serves as a conduit to deliver the aerosol to the patient, and often an indicating mechanism that provides information to the patient on the number of doses remaining. This review focuses on the current state-of-the-art of MDI hardware and includes discussion of enhancements made to the device's core subsystems. In addition, technologies that aid the correct use of MDIs will be discussed. These include spacers, valved holding chambers, and breath-actuated devices. Many of the improvements discussed in this article increase the ability of MDI systems to meet regulatory specifications. Innovations that enh...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 17, 2014·Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery·James W IveyWarren H Finlay
May 13, 2015·AAPS PharmSciTech·Kai BerkenfeldJason T McConville
Apr 15, 2014·AAPS PharmSciTech·John Gar Yan ChanHak-Kim Chan
Jan 24, 2014·AAPS PharmSciTech·Paul B MyrdalStephen W Stein
Jun 9, 2016·Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery·Michal Pirozynski, Tomasz R Sosnowski
Oct 18, 2016·Journal of Aerosol Medicine and Pulmonary Drug Delivery·Stephen W Stein, Charles G Thiel
Feb 9, 2018·Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery·Gregor AndersonBhumika Aggarwal
Sep 7, 2018·Breathe·Martyn F Biddiscombe, Omar S Usmani
Mar 5, 2020·Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery·Mario CazzolaPaola Rogliani
Jun 5, 2019·AAPS PharmSciTech·Philip J KuehlRobert O Williams
Feb 21, 2019·AAPS PharmSciTech·Chaeho MoonRobert O Williams
Jul 15, 2020·Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews·Anthony J Hickey
Jan 28, 2021·International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease·Omar S UsmaniWilfried De Backer
Feb 12, 2021·International Journal of Clinical Practice·Waleed WaelMohamed E A Abdelrahim

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