Advancing Infectious Diseases Diagnostic Testing and Applications to Antimicrobial Therapy in the ICU

Journal of Pharmacy Practice
Simon W Lam, Stephanie N Bass

Abstract

Treatment of suspected infections in critically ill patients requires the timely initiation of appropriate antimicrobials and rapid de-escalation of unnecessary broad-spectrum coverage. New advances in rapid diagnostic tests can now offer earlier detection of pathogen and potential resistance mechanisms within hours of initial culture growth. These technologies, combined with pharmacist antimicrobial stewardship efforts, may result in shorten time to adequate coverage or earlier de-escalation of unnecessary broad spectrum antimicrobials, which could improve patient outcomes and lower overall treatment cost. Furthermore, de-escalation of antimicrobials may lead to decreased emergence of resistant organisms and adverse events associated with antimicrobials. Clinical pharmacists should be aware of new rapid diagnostic tests, including their application, clinical evidence, and limitations, in order to implement the most appropriate clinical treatment strategy when patients have positive cultures. This review will focus on commercially available rapid diagnostic tests for infections that are routinely encountered by critically ill patients, including gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial blood stream infections, Candida, and Clo...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 12, 2019·Journal of Pharmacy Practice·Sandra L Kane-Gill, Amy L Dzierba
Jun 17, 2021·Pharmacotherapy·Jamie L WagnerLauren R Biehle

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
nucleic acid extraction
Assay
PCR
nucleic acid amplification

Software Mentioned

Fungitell

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Antimicrobial Resistance

Antimicrobial resistance poses a significant threat to the continued successful use of antimicrobial agents for the treatment of bacterial infections.

Antifungals

An antifungal, also known as an antimycotic medication, is a pharmaceutical fungicide or fungistatic used to treat and prevent mycosis such as athlete's foot, ringworm, candidiasis, cryptococcal meningitis, and others. Discover the latest research on antifungals here.

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