Adverse childhood experiences and chronic hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal activity

Stress : the International Journal on the Biology of Stress
Karen A KalmakisKatherine Leung

Abstract

Inconsistencies exist in the current literature regarding hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) regulation following exposure to repeated stressful events. These inconsistencies stem, in part, from the limitations imposed by measuring cortisol in saliva or plasma (i.e. "point measures" of HPA activity). The present study used a cross-sectional, correlational design to examine the relationship between childhood stress (assessed using the adverse childhood experiences [ACEs] questionnaire) and hair cortisol (a biomarker of chronic HPA activity) in 55 healthy 18-24-year-old college students. Dichotomous ACE score for two models using different cut-points was significantly, inversely related to hair cortisol level (B = 1.03, p = 0.046 and B = 1.09, p = 0.031). These results are consistent with theoretical models where exposure to repeated stressful events results in chronic HPA dysregulation, which may include down-regulation under certain conditions.

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Citations

Nov 10, 2015·Stress : the International Journal on the Biology of Stress·Hannah M C SchreierRosalind J Wright
Mar 2, 2018·Biological Research for Nursing·Allyson R DuffySamia Dutra
Aug 10, 2017·Journal of Nursing Measurement·Sheila A AlexanderEileen R Chasens
Oct 30, 2018·Clinical Pediatrics·Emily A EismannRobert A Shapiro
Nov 12, 2019·American Journal of Physical Anthropology·Elizabeth A Holdsworth, Allison A Appleton
Dec 4, 2019·Pediatric Research·Kanwaljeet J S AnandFrances A Tylavsky
May 16, 2020·American Journal of Health Promotion : AJHP·Lisa M KrinnerJessamyn Bowling
Oct 7, 2017·Infancy : the Official Journal of the International Society on Infant Studies·Michelle Bosquet EnlowRosalind J Wright
Jan 12, 2019·Pediatric Research·Kristi L WatterbergUNKNOWN SUPPORT Study Group of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research
May 18, 2019·Stress and Health : Journal of the International Society for the Investigation of Stress·Seoyoun KimShobhit Sharma
Jul 25, 2020·Journal of American College Health : J of ACH·Toni WattChristine Norton
Apr 14, 2016·Biological Research for Nursing·Maureen Wimberly GroërMary E Evans
Jun 19, 2020·Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma·Toni WattShobhit Sharma
Jul 23, 2020·Prevention Science : the Official Journal of the Society for Prevention Research·Lucia Cavanagh, Ezemenari M Obasi
Nov 7, 2018·Brain, Behavior, and Immunity·Liisa HantsooC Neill Epperson
May 20, 2019·Journal of Affective Disorders·Matthew T WittbrodtJ Douglas Bremner
Aug 17, 2020·Child Abuse & Neglect·AliceAnn CrandallMichael D Barnes
Apr 4, 2021·NeuroImage. Clinical·Jillian Vinall MillerMelanie Noel
Jul 10, 2021·Journal of American College Health : J of ACH·Toni Terling WattNatalie Ceballos
Sep 26, 2021·Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing : Official Publication of the Association of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nurses, Inc·Karen A KalmakisLisa M Chiodo

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