PMID: 3760443Jan 1, 1986Paper

Affect availability, tolerance, complexity, and modulation in psychoanalysis: followup of a longitudinal, prospective study

Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association
J L KantrowitzA L Katz

Abstract

Evaluation of 22 patients in supervised psychoanalysis showed that affect availability and tolerance changed in a positive direction during the course of psychoanalysis. In this study, we have defined criteria of change that can be clinically observed. The changes observed were present one year following the completion of psychoanalysis. Ratings of analysts' and patients' interviews, and ratings of psychological tests all revealed that patients had derived "therapeutic benefit" in relation to affect experience and management. Discriminations were made among changes in affect modulation, which reflected both loosening and tightening of controls, changes in affect availability, changes in experience of painful affects, and changes in experience of affect complexity. Analysts' interviews and psychological test data reflected notable changes in affect modulation in the direction of increased control, while patients' interviews more often reflected changes in the direction of increased expressiveness.

References

Jan 1, 1978·Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association·H M Bachrach, L A Leaff
Aug 1, 1976·Archives of General Psychiatry·M Harty, L Horwitz
Jan 1, 1975·Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association·J D OremlandH F Norman
Jan 1, 1984·Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association·J B Erle, D A Goldberg

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Citations

Nov 19, 2004·Journal of Personality Assessment·Cato Grønnerød
Sep 12, 2015·Journal of Clinical Psychology·Judy L Kantrowitz
May 18, 2016·Psychiatry·Judy L Kantrowitz
Oct 18, 2013·Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association·Judy L Kantrowitz
Apr 13, 2005·Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association·Judy L Kantrowitz
Jan 1, 1990·Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association·J L KantrowitzF Paolitto
Jan 1, 1990·Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association·R C Simons
Jan 1, 1987·Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association·J L KantrowitzL Solomon
Jan 1, 1987·Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association·J L KantrowitzL Solomon
Jan 1, 1992·Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association·E E JonesA Skolnikoff

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