Aflatoxin, hepatitis and worldwide liver cancer risks

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
Sara H HenryJ C Bowers

Abstract

Aflatoxins are among the most potent mutagenic and carcinogenic substances known. Differential potency of aflatoxin among species can be partially attributed to differences in metabolism; however, current information on competing aspects of metabolic activation and detoxification of aflatoxin in various species does not identify an adequate animal model for humans. Risk of liver cancer is influenced by a number of factors, most notably carriage of hepatitis B virus as determined by the presence in serum of the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg+ or HBsAg-). About 50 to 100% of liver cancer cases are estimated to be associated with persistent infection of hepatitis B (or C) virus. The potency of aflatoxin in HBsAg+ individuals is substantially higher (about a factor of 30) than the potency in HBsAg- individuals. Thus, reduction of the intake of aflatoxins in populations with a high prevalence of HBsAg+ individuals will have greater impact on reducing liver cancer rates than reductions in populations with a low prevalence of HbsAg+ individuals. The present analysis suggests that vaccination against hepatitis B (or protection against hepatits C), which reduces prevalence of carriers, would reduce the potency of the aflatoxins in v...Continue Reading

Citations

Dec 17, 2004·Journal of the National Cancer Institute·Sun Ha JeeJonathan M Samet
Jun 24, 2008·Food Additives & Contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, Analysis, Control, Exposure & Risk Assessment·E Afriyie-GyawuT D Phillips
Jan 25, 2011·Environmental Health : a Global Access Science Source·Annette Prüss-UstünRoberto Bertollini
Dec 23, 2006·Environmental Health Perspectives·Heather StrosniderDavid Wilson
May 21, 2010·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition·Jonathan H WilliamsTimothy D Phillips
Feb 10, 2012·Phytotherapy Research : PTR·Anthony Rowe, Iqbal Ramzan
Jun 6, 2006·Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research = Revista Brasileira De Pesquisas Médicas E Biológicas·J B XiaoM Xu
Jul 15, 2003·Clinical Microbiology Reviews·J W Bennett, M Klich
Sep 14, 2007·Food Additives & Contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, Analysis, Control, Exposure & Risk Assessment·E Afriyie-GyawuT D Phillips
Aug 8, 2013·Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment·Vidya VedhamMukesh Verma
Nov 9, 2004·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition·Jonathan H WilliamsDeepak Aggarwal
Jan 16, 2020·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Noreddine Benkerroum
May 19, 2012·International Journal of Microbiology·Nisreen Al-HmoudAbbas Alseyah
Apr 18, 2007·Clinical Cancer Research : an Official Journal of the American Association for Cancer Research·Ashley G Rivenbark, William B Coleman
Nov 7, 2016·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·Kathy S XueJia-Sheng Wang
Jul 3, 2021·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Ian D BullerMary H Ward

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.