Aflatoxins and ochratoxin A in red paprika for retail sale in Spain: occurrence and evaluation of a simultaneous analytical method

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
J Miguel Hernández HierroIvania M Toruño Fonseca

Abstract

Aflatoxins are the only mycotoxins with legal limits for spices in the European Union. A further limit for ochratoxin A is expected to be adopted soon. Thus, rapid simultaneous methods for quantifying the five mycotoxins are sought. Liquid extraction, immunoaffinity column cleanup, and HPLC-FD with a wavelength program were optimized for the analysis of the five mycotoxins in paprika, a complex fatty matrix. The limits of detection ranged from 0.3 to 0.6 microg/kg. Repeatability (RSDr) ranged from 7.9 to 13.4%, and recoveries were between 61.4 and 77.8%, in both cases at the lower spike level. Aflatoxins, when found, were far below the two legal limits of 5 microg/kg for aflatoxin B 1 and 10 microg/kg for total aflatoxins. Ochratoxin A was more frequently found, with a mean of 11.8 microg/kg, and in a more varied range (SD = 18.9 microg/kg). When an automation of the precolumn derivatization step was attempted, the procedure proved to be unfeasible, but experience derived from this trial and from the general employment of this reaction enables some comments on the possibilities and limitations of this procedure and on research for an alternative one to be made.

Citations

Nov 29, 2012·Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry·Betty C GalarretaFrançois Lagugné-Labarthet
Mar 27, 2010·Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology·Robert KöppenIrene Nehls
May 1, 2011·Mycotoxin Research·Shahzad Zafar IqbalMuhammad R Asi
May 2, 2014·Food Additives & Contaminants. Part B, Surveillance·Natthasit TansakulEbrahim Razzazi-Fazeli
Dec 17, 2009·Food Additives & Contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, Analysis, Control, Exposure & Risk Assessment·M BononiF Tateo
Dec 2, 2010·Food Additives & Contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, Analysis, Control, Exposure & Risk Assessment·L SantosA J Ramos
Apr 1, 2009·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Irena Kralj Cigić, Helena Prosen
Jan 12, 2011·Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry·Florence Chapuis-HugonValérie Pichon
May 30, 2014·Journal of Immunotoxicology·Jalil MehrzadEric Cox
Nov 26, 2015·Food Additives & Contaminants. Part B, Surveillance·Alperen Tosun, Sibel Ozden
Apr 6, 2012·Food Microbiology·Alicia RodríguezJuan J Córdoba
Dec 3, 2008·International Journal of Food Microbiology·Sonia MarínAntonio J Ramos
Feb 7, 2015·Food Additives & Contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, Analysis, Control, Exposure & Risk Assessment·Norhayati AliNor Shifa Shuib
Oct 18, 2016·Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition·Bulent Kabak, Alan D W Dobson
Jun 16, 2009·Journal of Chromatography. B, Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences·Hamide Z Senyuva, John Gilbert
Mar 4, 2020·Journal of Immunotoxicology·Sajad NajafiJalil Mehrzad

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.