Age differences in the effect of encoding congruence on incidental free and cued recall

Experimental Aging Research
J T Erber

Abstract

The effect of encoding congruence on incidental free and cured recall was investigated by presenting young and older adults with a list of 24 words, one from each of 24 taxonomic categories. half the subjects from each age group received a congruent orienting task, in which category questions were matched with relevant word instances; the other half from each age group received a non-congruent orienting task, in which category questions were not matched with relevant instances. The age x orienting task x memory interaction indicated that the free recall performance of the young was higher following the congruent orienting, but that of the old was no different following congruent and non-congruent orienting. On cued recall, both age groups performed at the same high level following congruent orienting. The young had a marginally higher level of cued recall than the old following non-congruent orienting. The implications of these findings for processing and production deficiency hypotheses of age-related memory differences were discussed.

References

Jul 1, 1979·Journal of Gerontology·M Perlmutter
Nov 1, 1981·Psychological Bulletin·D M Burke, L L Light
Aug 1, 1980·Experimental Aging Research·J ErberJ Botwinick

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