Ageing, genetics and the somatotropic axis

Médecine sciences : M/S
Laurent KappelerMartin Holzenberger

Abstract

Research on ageing made a big leap forward when genes regulating lifespan were discovered about a decade ago. First isolated by screening the genome of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, most of these genes belong to an essential signalling pathway that is highly conserved during animal evolution. Orthologous genes in vertebrate species are the families of genes coding for insulin, insulin-like growth factors (IGF) and related proteins. Intensively studied and well-known for their pivotal roles in proliferation, differentiation, survival and metabolism of most cells, we now discover their multiples functions with respect to the control of longevity and their ability to modulate the cell's responses to oxidative stress, a major cause of cellular and organismal ageing. The activity of IGF signalling in mammals depends on a complex interplay of endocrine signals that together constitute the somatotropic axis. Accordingly, several components of this hormone axis, like growth hormone or growth hormone releasing hormone receptors, regulate efficiently animal longevity, which has been elegantly demonstrated by studies performed in genetically modified mouse models. From this and other work, it becomes increasingly clear that the con...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 8, 2008·Médecine sciences : M/S·Mourad Naïmi, Emmanuel Van Obberghen
May 5, 2009·Médecine sciences : M/S·Martin Holzenberger

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