Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans induces detachment and death of human gingival epithelial cells and fibroblasts via elastase release following leukotoxin-dependent neutrophil lysis

Microbiology and Immunology
Takumi HiyoshiYutaka Terao

Abstract

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is considered to be associated with periodontitis. Leukotoxin (LtxA), which destroys leukocytes in humans, is one of this bacterium's major virulence factors. Amounts of neutrophil elastase (NE), which is normally localized in the cytoplasm of neutrophils, are reportedly increased in the saliva of patients with periodontitis. However, the mechanism by which NE is released from human neutrophils and the role of NE in periodontitis is unclear. In the present study, it was hypothesized that LtxA induces NE release from human neutrophils, which subsequently causes the breakdown of periodontal tissues. LtxA-treatment did not induce significant cytotoxicity against human gingival epithelial cells (HGECs) or human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs). However, it did induce significant cytotoxicity against human neutrophils, leading to NE release. Furthermore, NE and the supernatant from LtxA-treated human neutrophils induced detachment and death of HGECs and HGFs, these effects being inhibited by administration of an NE inhibitor, sivelestat. The present results suggest that LtxA mediates human neutrophil lysis and induces the subsequent release of NE, which eventually results in detachment and death of H...Continue Reading

References

Jan 1, 1977·Archives of Oral Biology·C C TsaiN S Taichman
Jan 1, 1992·Journal of Periodontal Research·L C AltmanD Oda
Jan 1, 1985·Journal of Clinical Periodontology·J J Zambon
Jan 1, 1968·Journal of Periodontal Research·H L FreedmanN S Taichman
Jan 1, 1970·Journal of Periodontal Research·R Attström
Jan 1, 1970·Journal of Periodontal Research·R Attström, J Egelberg
Dec 31, 1997·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·E T LallyP C Billings
Mar 27, 2003·Periodontology 2000·Andrew J Delima, Thomas E Van Dyke
Mar 18, 2005·Annual Review of Immunology·Anthony W Segal
Jun 21, 2005·Nature Reviews. Immunology·Tatsuo Kinashi
Jun 27, 2006·Nature Reviews. Immunology·Christine T N Pham
Aug 26, 2006·Periodontology 2000·Daniel H FineHelen C Schreiner
Jul 20, 2007·Infection and Immunity·T DileepanS K Maheswaran
Jan 9, 2008·The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology·Christine T N Pham
Nov 11, 2008·Pulmonary Pharmacology & Therapeutics·Tetsuya HagioAkitoshi Ishizaka
Aug 3, 2010·Nature Medicine·Steffen MassbergBernd Engelmann
Aug 18, 2010·Periodontology 2000·Brian HendersonDerren Ready
Sep 14, 2010·Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. Systems Biology and Medicine·Scott D Kobayashi, Frank R DeLeo
Nov 17, 2010·Pharmacological Reviews·Brice KorkmazFrancis Gauthier
Oct 20, 2011·Clinical Oral Investigations·Martin WohlfeilPeter Eickholz
Jan 10, 2012·Annual Review of Immunology·Borko AmulicArturo Zychlinsky
Mar 27, 2012·Nature Immunology·Mehmet A EskanGeorge Hajishengallis
Sep 7, 2012·Trends in Immunology·George Hajishengallis, Triantafyllos Chavakis
Mar 13, 2015·PLoS Pathogens·Philipp KrugerDominik Hartl
Sep 12, 2015·Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters·Franz von Nussbaum, Volkhart M-J Li
Jun 6, 2016·Immunology Letters·Maarten van der Linden, Linde Meyaard
Aug 26, 2016·Immunological Reviews·Jack B Cowland, Niels Borregaard
Feb 22, 2017·Frontiers in Immunology·Vidal Delgado-RizoMary Fafutis-Morris
Oct 1, 1996·Journal of Periodontology·Robert J Genco

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jan 5, 2021·Journal of Oral Microbiology·Carina MikolaiAndreas Winkel
Apr 3, 2021·Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology·Hisanori Domon, Yutaka Terao
Apr 27, 2021·Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases·Jawid Nazir Ahmad, Peter Sebo
May 1, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Ljubomir VitkovMartin Herrmann
Dec 7, 2021·Frontiers in Immunology·Bo YangYan Wang

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.