Aging and alfentanil disposition in healthy volunteers and surgical patients

Canadian Journal of Anaesthesia = Journal Canadien D'anesthésie
D S SitarN T Smith

Abstract

We studied the pharmacokinetic disposition of alfentanil in 20 volunteers and in 15 surgical patients 20-72 years old. Pharmacokinetic disposition was first order and was well described by a two-compartment open model. Central-compartment volume of distribution was 0.131 +/- 0.087 L.kg-1 (mean +/- SD) in young healthy volunteers and decreased modestly with increasing age (r = -0.32, P less than 0.05). However, apparent volume of distribution at steady-state, 0.404 +/- 0.205 L.kg-1 for the whole study cohort, was not age-related. Plasma clearance of alfentanil in young healthy subjects, 9.3 +/- 6.3 ml.kg-1.min-1, also showed an inverse relationship with age (r = -0.54, P less than 0.001), and was not affected by surgical stress in subjects older than 60 years. Cigarette smoking and sex of the subjects did not contribute to interindividual differences in the kinetic disposition of this drug. Our finding that interindividual differences in disposition of alfentanil were the least in older subjects suggests that its pharmacological effects related to pharmacokinetic disposition should be most predictable in the elderly.

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Citations

Apr 1, 1996·European Journal of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics·C H Gleiter, U Gundert-Remy
Dec 14, 2002·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·J L C M DorneA G Renwick
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Dec 11, 2007·Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology·Daniel S Sitar
Mar 22, 2003·Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica·H PleymO Dale

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