Aging and anatomical variations in lung tissue stiffness

American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology
Delphine SicardDaniel J Tschumperlin

Abstract

Lung function is inherently mechanical in nature and depends on the capacity to conduct air and blood to and from the gas exchange regions. Variations in the elastic properties of the human lung across anatomical compartments and with aging are likely important determinants of lung function but remain relatively poorly characterized. Here we applied atomic force microscopy microindentation to characterize human lung tissue from subjects ranging in age from 11 to 60 yr old. We observed striking anatomical variations in elastic modulus, with the airways (200- to 350-µm diameter) the stiffest and the parenchymal regions the most compliant. Vessels (diameter < 100 µm) represented an intermediate mechanical environment and displayed diameter-dependent trends in elastic modulus. Binning our samples into younger (11-30 yr old) and older (41-60 yr old) groups, we observed significant age-related increases in stiffness in parenchymal and vessel compartments, with the most pronounced changes in the vessels. To investigate cellular mechanisms that might contribute to vascular stiffening with aging, we studied primary human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells from subjects ranging in age from 11 to 60 yr old. While we observed no change i...Continue Reading

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Citations

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
AFM
atomic force microscopy
fluorescence-activated cell-sorting
force measurements
optical microscopy

Software Mentioned

TractionsForAll
MIRO
GraphPad
Prism
NanoScope Analysis

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