AgRP-Expressing Adrenal Chromaffin Cells Are Involved in the Sympathetic Response to Fasting

Endocrinology
Rajesh GuptaMatthew D Whim

Abstract

Fasting evokes a homeostatic response that maintains circulating levels of energy-rich metabolites and increases the drive to eat. Centrally, this reflex activates a small population of hypothalamic neurons that are characterized by the expression of AgRP, a neuropeptide with an extremely restricted distribution. Apart from the hypothalamus, the only other site with substantial expression is the adrenal gland, but there is disagreement about which cells synthesize AgRP. Using immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, we show AgRP is present in the mouse adrenal medulla and is expressed by neuroendocrine chromaffin cells that also synthesize the catecholamines and neuropeptide Y. Short-term fasting led to an increase in adrenal AgRP expression. Because AgRP can act as an antagonist at MC3/4 receptors, we tested whether melanotan II, an MC3/4 receptor agonist, could regulate pre- and postsynaptic signaling within the adrenal medulla. Melanotan II decreased the paired-pulse ratio of evoked synaptic currents recorded in chromaffin cells; this effect was blocked by exogenous AgRP. In contrast, neither melanotan II nor AgRP altered the optogenetically evoked release of catecholamines f...Continue Reading

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Mar 19, 2020·American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology·Sarah A SapouckeyJustin L Grobe
Dec 5, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Maria V DeligiorgiDimitrios T Trafalis

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