AIDS and cerebrovascular disease

Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation
A N Pinto

Abstract

Although neurological complications of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are common, the presence of cerebrovascular disease (CVD) has been seldom reported. The purpose of this report is to review available data on the association between stroke and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). A review of all literature published between mid-1976 and December 1994 was performed through a MEDLINE search with the following key words: AIDS, CVD, human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III, and HIV-1. Only reports of clinical stroke in patients with AIDS or HIV infection and autopsy series with stroke findings were selected. The type of study, population, number of stroke patients, subtype and etiology of stroke, and associated AIDS conditions were described. Six clinical series and 11 autopsy series were found, with a total of 1885 cases with AIDS, AIDS-related complex, and HIV carriers. Forty percent had a neurological complication, but only 1.3% had a stroke syndrome. Ischemic infarcts were more common than intracerebral hemorrhages. Cerebral infarcts were generally due to nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis or concomitant opportunistic central nervous system infection, and intracerebral hemorrhages were usually associate...Continue Reading

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