Air-stable transport in graphene-contacted, fully encapsulated ultrathin black phosphorus-based field-effect transistors

ACS Nano
Ahmet AvsarBarbaros Ozyilmaz

Abstract

The presence of direct bandgap and high mobility in semiconductor few-layer black phosphorus offers an attractive prospect for using this material in future two-dimensional electronic devices. However, creation of barrier-free contacts which is necessary to achieve high performance in black phosphorus-based devices is challenging and currently limits their potential for applications. Here, we characterize fully encapsulated ultrathin (down to bilayer) black phosphorus field effect transistors fabricated under inert gas conditions by utilizing graphene as source-drain electrodes and boron nitride as an encapsulation layer. The observation of a linear ISD-VSD behavior with negligible temperature dependence shows that graphene electrodes lead to barrier-free contacts, solving the issue of Schottky barrier limited transport in the technologically relevant two-terminal field-effect transistor geometry. Such one-atom-thick conformal source-drain electrodes also enable the black phosphorus surface to be sealed, to avoid rapid degradation, with the inert boron nitride encapsulating layer. This architecture, generally applicable for other sensitive two-dimensional crystals, results in air-stable, hysteresis-free transport characteristics.

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Citations

Jan 23, 2016·Nature Communications·Jiajie PeiYuerui Lu
May 11, 2016·ACS Central Science·Alexandra Carvalho, Antonio H Castro Neto
Mar 5, 2016·Nano Letters·Steven P KoenigBarbaros Özyilmaz
Nov 26, 2015·The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters·Andres Castellanos-Gomez
Oct 17, 2015·Nature Communications·Zhe LuoXianfan Xu
Oct 6, 2015·Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : PCCP·Yanli Wang, Yi Ding
Aug 19, 2015·ACS Nano·Jinshui MiaoChuan Wang
Nov 26, 2015·Nature Communications·Lin WangAlberto F Morpurgo
Mar 30, 2016·Journal of the American Chemical Society·Junfeng GaoYong-Wei Zhang
Mar 31, 2016·Nano Letters·Gabriel Cristian Constantinescu, Nicholas D M Hine
Jul 25, 2015·ACS Nano·Jing WuBarbaros Özyilmaz
Mar 13, 2016·Angewandte Chemie·Yuetao ZhaoPaul K Chu
Aug 13, 2015·The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters·Liangzhi KouSean C Smith
May 19, 2016·ACS Nano·Paul Masih DasMarija Drndić
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