Airborne Bacteria in Earth's Lower Stratosphere Resemble Taxa Detected in the Troposphere: Results From a New NASA Aircraft Bioaerosol Collector (ABC)

Frontiers in Microbiology
David J SmithJohn McGrath

Abstract

Airborne microorganisms in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere remain elusive due to a lack of reliable sample collection systems. To address this problem, we designed, installed, and flight-validated a novel Aircraft Bioaerosol Collector (ABC) for NASA's C-20A that can make collections for microbiological research investigations up to altitudes of 13.7 km. Herein we report results from the first set of science flights-four consecutive missions flown over the United States (US) from 30 October to 2 November, 2017. To ascertain how the concentration of airborne bacteria changed across the tropopause, we collected air during aircraft Ascent/Descent (0.3 to 11 km), as well as sustained Cruise altitudes in the lower stratosphere (~12 km). Bioaerosols were captured on DNA-treated gelatinous filters inside a cascade air sampler, then analyzed with molecular and culture-based characterization. Several viable bacterial isolates were recovered from flight altitudes, including Bacillus sp., Micrococcus sp., Arthrobacter sp., and Staphylococcus sp. from Cruise samples and Brachybacterium sp. from Ascent/Descent samples. Using 16S V4 sequencing methods for a culture-independent analysis of bacteria, the average number of total OTU...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 9, 2019·Scientific Reports·Romie Tignat-PerrierCatherine Larose
Nov 14, 2018·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Joan CálizEmilio O Casamayor
Apr 11, 2019·Frontiers in Microbiology·Aurelien DommergueCatherine Larose
Apr 24, 2020·Scientific Reports·Elena González-TorilÁngeles Aguilera
Jan 5, 2021·Astrobiology·Charles S Cockell
Jan 30, 2021·Astrobiology·Noam R IzenbergGrzegorz P Słowik
Dec 15, 2020·Ecological Applications : a Publication of the Ecological Society of America·Claire G Williams, David J Smith
Feb 24, 2021·International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology·Stefanie GieschlerJan Kabisch
Apr 4, 2021·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Anne M HofmeisterGenevieve M Criss
May 11, 2021·Astrobiology·Sanjay S LimayeMichael J Way
Oct 12, 2020·Environment International·Tay Ruiz-GilMilko A Jorquera
Nov 6, 2021·Frontiers in Microbiology·Cristina González-MartínJuan P Díaz
Nov 5, 2021·FEMS Microbiology Ecology·Raphaëlle PéguilhanPierre Amato

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
Assay
PCR
16S sequencing

Software Mentioned

- PLM
GENEWIZ
mothur
MAIAC
Basic Local Alignment Search Tool ( BLAST )
PERMANOVA
HYSPLIT
MERRA

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