Airway epithelium-derived relaxing factor: myth, reality, or naivety?

American Journal of Physiology. Cell Physiology
Paul M Vanhoutte

Abstract

The presence of a healthy epithelium can moderate the contraction of the underlying airway smooth muscle. This is, in part, because epithelial cells generate inhibitory messages, whether diffusible substances, electrophysiological signals, or both. The epithelium-dependent inhibitory effect can be tonic (basal), synergistic, or evoked. Rather than a unique epithelium-derived relaxing factor (EpDRF), several known endogenous bronchoactive mediators, including nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2, contribute. The early concept that EpDRF diffuses all the way through the subepithelial layers to directly relax the airway smooth muscle appears unlikely. It is more plausible that the epithelial cells release true messenger molecules, which alter the production of endogenous substances (nitric oxide and/or metabolites of arachidonic acid) by the subepithelial layers. These substances then diffuse to the airway smooth muscle cells, conveying epithelium dependency.

References

Dec 1, 1992·The American Journal of Physiology·J B Gupta, K Prasad
Jul 1, 1992·The American Journal of Physiology·J H WilkensJ C Frölich
Jan 1, 1991·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·K J Morrison, P M Vanhoutte
Mar 1, 1991·Allergy Proceedings : the Official Journal of Regional and State Allergy Societies·J L Devalia, R J Davies
Oct 23, 1990·European Journal of Pharmacology·L B FernandesR G Goldie
Jan 1, 1990·Lung·K Stuart-Smith
Jun 1, 1990·The American Journal of Physiology·K J MorrisonP M Vanhoutte
Oct 1, 1990·The American Journal of Physiology·S R WhiteA R Leff
Aug 1, 1990·Journal of Applied Physiology·M MunakataY Kawakami
Jul 1, 1990·British Journal of Pharmacology·L B Fernandes, R G Goldie
May 1, 1989·The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology·P M Vanhoutte
Apr 1, 1989·Journal of Applied Physiology·J D BrofmanA R Leff
Sep 1, 1988·The American Review of Respiratory Disease·N A FlavahanP M Vanhoutte
Mar 1, 1987·Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology·P M Vanhoutte
Mar 1, 1985·Journal of Applied Physiology·N A FlavahanP M Vanhoutte
Sep 1, 1995·The American Journal of Physiology·K F RabeH Magnussen
Aug 1, 1995·British Journal of Pharmacology·G FolkertsF P Nijkamp
Dec 1, 1994·The European Respiratory Journal·D Raeburn, S E Webber
Nov 1, 1994·American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine·A Laitinen, L A Laitinen
May 1, 1993·Journal of Applied Physiology·Y Gao, P M Vanhoutte
May 1, 1993·Journal of Applied Physiology·Y Gao, P M Vanhoutte
Jan 1, 1993·Life Sciences·K J MorrisonP M Vanhoutte
Jan 1, 1993·Fundamental & Clinical Pharmacology·C Bertrand, E Tschirhart
Mar 1, 1996·American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine·M FiginiP Geppetti
Nov 1, 1996·The European Respiratory Journal·G Sadeghi-HashjinF P Nijkamp
Jul 1, 1997·The European Respiratory Journal·P K Jeffery, D Li
Aug 1, 1997·American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine·T ReinheimerI Wessler
Oct 8, 1997·The American Journal of Physiology·S AliS J Mustafa
Feb 26, 1998·American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine·S YoshiharaP Geppetti

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Feb 7, 2017·Nature Communications·Tongde WuRobert Tarran
Nov 18, 2016·American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology·Christie A OjiakuReynold A Panettieri
Oct 27, 2017·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Long P NguyenRichard A Bond
Jul 3, 2016·American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology·Vidyanand AnapartiAndrew J Halayko
Dec 19, 2019·American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology·Morgan GazzolaYnuk Bossé
Nov 2, 2019·Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology·Hui ChenSusan Wai Sum Leung
May 7, 2020·Frontiers in Pediatrics·Michael B Anthracopoulos, Mark L Everard
Jul 18, 2019·American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology·Jonathan H Widdicombe

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.

Related Papers

Trends in Pharmacological Sciences
G Folkerts, F P Nijkamp
Trends in Pharmacological Sciences
R G GoldieD W Hay
The American Journal of Physiology
K J MorrisonPaul M Vanhoutte
© 2022 Meta ULC. All rights reserved