Alcohol Metabolizing Enzymes, Microsomal Ethanol Oxidizing System, Cytochrome P450 2E1, Catalase, and Aldehyde Dehydrogenase in Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease

Biomedicines
Yanchao JiangSuthat Liangpunsakul

Abstract

Once ingested, most of the alcohol is metabolized in the liver by alcohol dehydrogenase to acetaldehyde. Two additional pathways of acetaldehyde generation are by microsomal ethanol oxidizing system (cytochrome P450 2E1) and catalase. Acetaldehyde can form adducts which can interfere with cellular function, leading to alcohol-induced liver injury. The variants of alcohol metabolizing genes encode enzymes with varied kinetic properties and result in the different rate of alcohol elimination and acetaldehyde generation. Allelic variants of these genes with higher enzymatic activity are believed to be able to modify susceptibility to alcohol-induced liver injury; however, the human studies on the association of these variants and alcohol-associated liver disease are inconclusive. In addition to acetaldehyde, the shift in the redox state during alcohol elimination may also link to other pathways resulting in activation of downstream signaling leading to liver injury.

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Citations

Apr 28, 2020·Xenobiotica; the Fate of Foreign Compounds in Biological Systems·Grażyna Kubiak-TomaszewskaGrażyna Nowicka
Oct 18, 2020·Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology·Aline MelloFawaz G Haj
Oct 30, 2020·Journal of Clinical Medicine·Marlou MackusJoris C Verster
Feb 2, 2021·Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : ECAM·Xian-Ting LiangShao-Bo Wang
Mar 9, 2021·Toxicology Reports·Vetriselvan SubramaniyanAnju Das
Apr 24, 2021·Free Radical Biology & Medicine·Xue ChenYongke Lu
Dec 1, 2020·Pharmacology & Therapeutics·Bingjian WenZhengquan Su
Jun 5, 2021·Clinical Case Reports·Zahra NekoukarRabeeh Tabaripour
Jun 3, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Szu-Yi LiuYin-Chou Hsu
Jun 8, 2021·Hepatology : Official Journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases·Zhihong YangSuthat Liangpunsakul
Sep 4, 2021·Neurotoxicology· SushmaSrikanta Kumar Rath

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