Algorithms for a closed-loop artificial pancreas: the case for model predictive control

Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology
B W Bequette

Abstract

The relative merits of model predictive control (MPC) and proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control are discussed, with the end goal of a closed-loop artificial pancreas (AP). It is stressed that neither MPC nor PID are single algorithms, but rather are approaches or strategies that may be implemented very differently by different engineers. The primary advantages to MPC are that (i) constraints on the insulin delivery rate (and/or insulin on board) can be explicitly included in the control calculation; (ii) it is a general framework that makes it relatively easy to include the effect of meals, exercise, and other events that are a function of the time of day; and (iii) it is flexible enough to include many different objectives, from set-point tracking (target) to zone (control to range). In the end, however, it is recognized that the control algorithm, while important, represents only a portion of the effort required to develop a closed-loop AP. Thus, any number of algorithms/approaches can be successful--the engineers involved in the design must have experience with the particular technique, including the important experience of implementing the algorithm in human studies and not simply through simulation studies.

Associated Clinical Trials

Apr 11, 2019·Sarah Collins Rossetti

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Citations

Dec 20, 2013·Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology·Garry M Steil
Aug 3, 2017·Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics·Faye M CameronB Wayne Bequette
Oct 1, 2019·American Journal of Therapeutics·M Elena HernandoAgustín Rodríguez-Herrero
Jul 30, 2014·Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics·Viral N ShahSatish K Garg
Mar 23, 2018·Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics·Gregory P Forlenza
Oct 15, 2019·Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology·Pau HerreroPantelis Georgiou
Jul 25, 2019·Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics·Sylvain GirardotJean-Pierre Riveline
Feb 19, 2020·Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics·Sylvain GirardotJean-Pierre Riveline
Aug 3, 2018·Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing·Saeid BahremandGuim Kwon
Jun 4, 2015·Diabetic Medicine : a Journal of the British Diabetic Association·H WolpertG M Steil
Feb 11, 2021·Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology·Carsten BeneschTim Heise
Mar 2, 2021·Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology·Travis DiamondB Wayne Bequette
May 7, 2021·Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology·Andreas Thomas, Lutz Heinemann

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