Abstract
Inflammatory response plays a pathogenic role in liver ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is an active metabolite of vitamin A with anti-inflammatory effects. However, there are few reports on the anti-inflammatory effects of ATRA on liver I/R injury. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of ATRA on liver I/R injury and related mechanisms. A total of 54 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups (18 rats each), namely, sham, I/R, and I/R+ATRA groups. ATRA was intraperitoneally administered at a dose of 15mg/kg/d 14d before ischemia surgery. The segmental (70%) hepatic ischemia model was used by clamping the portal vein, hepatic artery, and bile duct of the left and median for 1h. The rats were sacrificed 3, 6, and 24h after reperfusion, and blood and liver tissue samples were obtained. Liver injury was evaluated by biochemical and histopathologic examinations. Myeloperoxidase activity was spectrophotometrically measured. The expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and real-time polymerase chain reaction. Liver nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) was detected by ...Continue Reading
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