Allosteric deactivation of PIFs and EIN3 by microproteins in light control of plant development.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Qingqing WuShangwei Zhong

Abstract

Buried seedlings undergo dramatic developmental transitions when they emerge from soil into sunlight. As central transcription factors suppressing light responses, PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTORs (PIFs) and ETHYLENE-INSENSITIVE 3 (EIN3) actively function in darkness and must be promptly repressed upon light to initiate deetiolation. Microproteins are evolutionarily conserved small single-domain proteins that act as posttranslational regulators in eukaryotes. Although hundreds to thousands of microproteins are predicted to exist in plants, their target molecules, biological roles, and mechanisms of action remain largely unknown. Here, we show that two microproteins, miP1a and miP1b (miP1a/b), are robustly stimulated in the dark-to-light transition. miP1a/b are primarily expressed in cotyledons and hypocotyl, exhibiting tissue-specific patterns similar to those of PIFs and EIN3 We demonstrate that PIFs and EIN3 assemble functional oligomers by self-interaction, while miP1a/b directly interact with and disrupt the oligomerization of PIFs and EIN3 by forming nonfunctional protein complexes. As a result, the DNA binding capacity and transcriptional activity of PIFs and EIN3 are predominantly suppressed. These biochemical findings ar...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 29, 2020·The Plant Journal : for Cell and Molecular Biology·David S FaveroKeiko Sugimoto
Jan 16, 2021·Molecular Plant·Kaushal Kumar BhatiStephan Wenkel
Oct 24, 2020·Journal of Integrative Plant Biology·He ZhaoJin-Song Zhang
Mar 24, 2021·Annual Review of Plant Biology·Mei-Chun ChengEnamul Huq

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