Alterations in body composition and fat distribution in growth hormone-deficient prepubertal children during growth hormone therapy

Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental
J N RoemmichA D Rogol

Abstract

Growth hormone (GH) deficiency in children results in increased body fat, reduced fat-free mass (FFM) including muscle (protein) and bone, and abdominal obesity. Thus, proper GH secretion likely has major developmental influences on later health risks including cardiovascular diseases and osteoporosis. However, the in vivo control of the development of the body composition and fat distribution by GH has not yet been accurately investigated using children with GH deficiency as a model. We determined the effect of GH therapy (GH replacement, n = 3; GH + physiologic cortisol and thyroxine replacement, n = 3) on body composition, the proportional composition of the FFM, and body fat distribution in GH-deficient prepubertal children compared with healthy control children (n = 6) not treated with GH. The GH-deficient and control children were initially matched for gender, bone age, and weight. As assessed by a 4-compartment model, GH therapy reduced percent body fat during the first 3 months of therapy but not thereafter. This change was primarily due to FFM, which increased 3-fold more in the GH-deficient group and accounted for 91.5% of the increase in body weight. Fat mass increased in the controls but was unchanged in the GH-defi...Continue Reading

Citations

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