Alterations of plant architecture and phase transition by the phytoplasma virulence factor SAP11

Journal of Experimental Botany
Shu Heng ChangJun-Yi Yang

Abstract

As key mediators linking developmental processes with plant immunity, TCP (TEOSINTE-BRANCHED, CYCLOIDEA, PROLIFERATION FACTOR 1 and 2) transcription factors have been increasingly shown to be targets of pathogenic effectors. We report here that TB/CYC (TEOSINTE-BRANCHED/CYCLOIDEA)-TCPs are destabilized by phytoplasma SAP11 effectors, leading to the proliferation of axillary meristems. Although a high degree of sequence diversity was observed among putative SAP11 effectors identified from evolutionarily distinct clusters of phytoplasmas, these effectors acquired fundamental activity in destabilizing TB/CYC-TCPs. In addition, we demonstrate that miR156/SPLs and miR172/AP2 modules, which represent key regulatory hubs involved in plant phase transition, were modulated by Aster Yellows phytoplasma strain Witches' Broom (AY-WB) protein SAP11. A late-flowering phenotype with significant changes in the expression of flowering-related genes was observed in transgenic Arabidopsis plants expressing SAP11AYWB. These morphological and molecular alterations were correlated with the ability of SAP11 effectors to destabilize CIN (CINCINNATA)-TCPs. Although not all putative SAP11 effectors display broad-spectrum activities in modulating morphol...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 30, 2019·The Plant Journal : for Cell and Molecular Biology·Thomas PotuschakLéon Otten
Jul 26, 2019·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Ming-Ming LiuHai Du
Mar 25, 2020·Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants : an International Journal of Functional Plant Biology·Amrita Singh, Suman Lakhanpaul
Oct 15, 2019·Frontiers in Microbiology·Shu-Ting ChoChih-Horng Kuo
Jul 19, 2019·Frontiers in Microbiology·Shweta KumariAssunta Bertaccini
Jul 1, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Jingqiu Lan, Genji Qin
Apr 13, 2021·Frontiers in Microbiology·Christophe GarcionXavier Foissac

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
transgenic
PCR
gel filtration
reverse transcription PCR
transfection

Software Mentioned

Jalview
ClustalW
MEGA
BLAST

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