Altered behaviour and cognitive function following combined deletion of Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 in mice

Behavioural Brain Research
Lay Khoon TooNicholas H Hunt

Abstract

Activation of the immune system due to infection or aging is increasingly linked to impaired neuropsychological function. Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 (TLR2, TLR4) are well-characterised for their role in inflammatory events, and their combined activation has been implicated in neurological diseases. We therefore determined whether TLR2 and TLR4 double gene knockout (GKO) mice showed modified behaviour and cognitive function during a 16-day test sequence that employed the automated IntelliCage test system. The IntelliCage features a home cage environment in which groups of mice live and where water reward is gained through performing various tasks centred on drinking stations in each corner of the apparatus. All mice were tested twice, one month apart (the first sequence termed "R1"and the second "R2"). There were fewer corner visits and nosepokes in TLR2/4 GKO compared to wild-type mice during early exploration in R1, suggesting elevated neophobia in GKO mice. Reduced exploration persisted over subsequent test modules during the dark phase. TLR2/4 GKO mice also displayed increased corner visits during drinking sessions compared to non-drinking sessions, but this was not associated with increased drinking. In subsequent, more co...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 8, 2017·Frontiers in Immunology·Peter HolzerFlorian Reichmann
Oct 3, 2017·Frontiers in Neuroscience·John R KellyTimothy G Dinan
Apr 28, 2020·Schizophrenia Research·John R KellyTimothy G Dinan
Jun 22, 2021·Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience·Ismail Nurul ImanMustapha Muzaimi
Jul 25, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Nayla MunawarFadwa Al Mughairbi

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