Alternative oxidase: distribution, induction, properties, structure, regulation, and functions

Biochemistry. Biokhimii︠a︡
A G RogovR A Zvyagilskaya

Abstract

The respiratory chain in the majority of organisms with aerobic type metabolism features the concomitant existence of the phosphorylating cytochrome pathway and the cyanide- and antimycin A-insensitive oxidative route comprising a so-called alternative oxidase (AOX) as a terminal oxidase. In this review, the history of AOX discovery is described. Considerable evidence is presented that AOX occurs widely in organisms at various levels of organization and is not confined to the plant kingdom. This enzyme has not been found only in Archaea, mammals, some yeasts and protists. Bioinformatics research revealed the sequences characteristic of AOX in representatives of various taxonomic groups. Based on multiple alignments of these sequences, a phylogenetic tree was constructed to infer their possible evolution. The ways of AOX activation, as well as regulatory interactions between AOX and the main respiratory chain are described. Data are summarized concerning the properties of AOX and the AOX-encoding genes whose expression is either constitutive or induced by various factors. Information is presented on the structure of AOX, its active center, and the ubiquinone-binding site. The principal functions of AOX are analyzed, including th...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 1, 2015·International Journal of Food Microbiology·Stiina Rasimus-SahariMirja Salkinoja-Salonen
Oct 21, 2015·Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters·Natalia V KalachevaGeorgi V Cherepnev
Jun 1, 2016·Frontiers in Plant Science·M Sazzad Hossain, Karl-Josef Dietz
Jan 7, 2017·PloS One·Wilson Garcia-NetoLuis Alberto Luévano-Martínez
Apr 6, 2018·Biochemistry. Biokhimii︠a︡·T A Trendeleva, R A Zvyagilskaya
Jun 21, 2019·Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part A, Ecological and Integrative Physiology·Sina SaariHoward T Jacobs
Mar 27, 2019·Integrative and Comparative Biology·Ryan J Weaver
Jun 18, 2017·Biochemical Society Transactions·Benjamin MayAnthony L Moore
Sep 19, 2018·Molecular and Cellular Biology·Ana AndjelkovićHoward T Jacobs
Feb 18, 2021·FEMS Yeast Research·Dmitry Mamaev, Renata Zvyagilskaya
Sep 29, 2020·Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics·Lucero Romero-AguilarJuan Pablo Pardo
Jul 3, 2021·Frontiers in Immunology·Birgit Arnholdt-SchmittJosé Hélio Costa
Aug 24, 2021·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Katharina BremerHoward Trevor Jacobs

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