Alternative treatments for muscle injury: massage, cryotherapy, and hyperbaric oxygen

Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine
P M Tiidus

Abstract

Current evidence suggests that popular alternative therapies such as massage, cryotherapy, and hyperbaric oxygen exposure as currently practiced on humans have little effect on recovery from minor muscle damage such as induced by exercise. While further research is still needed, hyperbaric oxygen exposure shows clear promise for potentially being a successful adjunct treatment for enhancing muscle repair and recovery from more severe crush on contusion injury in humans. Cryotherapy or icing, as currently practiced, will not likely be successful in cooling muscle sufficiently to have any significant influence on muscle repair regardless of the degree of injury. However, based on studies in animal models, it may be that if sufficient muscle cooling could be achieved in humans, it could actually delay recovery and increase muscle scarring following significant muscle damage. Conclusions about the effectiveness of massage on influencing muscle recovery from more severe injury cannot yet be made due to a lack of experimental evidence with a more significant muscle damage model.

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Citations

Mar 10, 2016·PloS One·Braulio Henrique Magnani BrancoEmerson Franchini
Feb 18, 2017·The American Journal of Nursing·Rosemary C PolomanoCarla R Jungquist
May 24, 2016·Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine·Tomas F Fernandez-JaénJuan Manuel Lopez Alcorocho
Nov 19, 2020·American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology·Ryo TakagiYutaka Kano
Apr 21, 2021·European Journal of Applied Physiology·Susan Y Kwiecien, Malachy P McHugh
Aug 26, 2021·American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology·Misa HoriikeShigeo Kawada

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