Alzheimer's Disease and Histone Code Alterations

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
Pritika Narayan, Mike Dragunow

Abstract

Substantial progress has been made in identifying Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk-associated variants using genome-wide association studies (GWAS). The majority of these risk variants reside in noncoding regions of the genome making their functional evaluation difficult; however, they also infer the presence of unconventional regulatory regions that may reside at these locations. We know from these studies that rare familial cases of AD account for less than 5% of all AD cases and autosomal dominant mutations in APP, PSEN1 and PSEN2 account for less than 10% of the genetic basis of these familial cases [1]. The sporadic form of AD, while more complex, still has a substantial genetic component evidenced by observational studies where 30-48% of AD patients have a first degree relative who is also affected [2]. In addition, the strongest risk factor after age is the APOE E4 polymorphism, and more than 20 other risk variants have been identified to date, reviewed in two recent papers [3, 4]. Monozygotic twin studies have revealed a discordance for AD, implicating that a combination of epigenetic and genetic factors are likely involved in the development of AD [5].

Citations

Jan 23, 2019·Brain : a Journal of Neurology·Yan ZhengZhen Yan
Sep 19, 2018·Alzheimer's & Dementia : Translational Research & Clinical Interventions·Surbhi SharmaMartin R Schiller
Aug 31, 2018·Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience·Christian Griñán-FerréMercè Pallàs
Aug 23, 2019·Journal of Korean Medical Science·Sung Yeon ParkYang Sook Chun
Aug 6, 2019·Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience·Shujuan MengMinghua Wu
Jul 28, 2020·Nature Reviews. Drug Discovery·Stephen C CunnaneMark J Millan
Jan 13, 2021·Chemical Communications : Chem Comm·Claudio CianferottiGiuseppe Giannini
Jan 12, 2021·Current Medical Science·Chuan HeLi-Hong Kong
Mar 24, 2020·Redox Biology·John TowerKelvin J A Davies
Jun 8, 2021·Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine·Dubravka Svob StracNela Pivac
Apr 10, 2019·Chemical Research in Toxicology·Fei WangChunyuan Jin
Jul 31, 2020·Current Neuropharmacology·Jerzy LeszekGjumrakch Aliev

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